Abstract
Policy-making is regard to be a critical process that shapes the wellbeing and development of societies. It involves the creation and implementation of laws, regulations, and programs that help governments address the complex challenges faced by modern or developing societies. Effective policy-making requires the involvement of various stakeholders, which entails government officials, interest groups, civil society organizations, and the public. The institutional analysis of policy making process involves examining the formal and informal rules, norms, and incentives that shape the behaviour of actors involved in policy-making. It can help people identify the stakeholders involved in policy-making, their incentives, and the constraints they face. In recent years, Pakistan's policymaking process has faced a number of challenges and issues. The lack of coordination and collaboration among various government departments and agencies is one of the most significant challenges. This frequently results in contradictory policies and ineffective implementation. Another issue is the influence of powerful interest groups, as well as a lack of transparency in decision-making processes. These issues have slowed the pace of reform and hampered progress towards policy objectives. The case of Pakistan is incorporated in this article, which highlights the need for improved coordination and collaboration among government agencies, transparency in decision-making processes, and effective monitoring and evaluation mechanisms to ensure successful policy implementation. This op-ed sheds some light on policymaking as a crucial process for achieving national goals and improving the lives of citizens.