Deprecated: Return type of ADODB_Iterator_empty::current() should either be compatible with Iterator::current(): mixed, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice in /home/pjiacompk/public_html/lib/pkp/lib/vendor/adodb/adodb-php/adodb.inc.php on line 3149

Deprecated: Return type of ADODB_Iterator_empty::next() should either be compatible with Iterator::next(): void, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice in /home/pjiacompk/public_html/lib/pkp/lib/vendor/adodb/adodb-php/adodb.inc.php on line 3153

Deprecated: Return type of ADODB_Iterator_empty::key() should either be compatible with Iterator::key(): mixed, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice in /home/pjiacompk/public_html/lib/pkp/lib/vendor/adodb/adodb-php/adodb.inc.php on line 3145

Deprecated: Return type of ADODB_Iterator_empty::valid() should either be compatible with Iterator::valid(): bool, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice in /home/pjiacompk/public_html/lib/pkp/lib/vendor/adodb/adodb-php/adodb.inc.php on line 3141

Deprecated: Return type of ADODB_Iterator_empty::rewind() should either be compatible with Iterator::rewind(): void, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice in /home/pjiacompk/public_html/lib/pkp/lib/vendor/adodb/adodb-php/adodb.inc.php on line 3139

Deprecated: Return type of ADORecordSet_empty::getIterator() should either be compatible with IteratorAggregate::getIterator(): Traversable, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice in /home/pjiacompk/public_html/lib/pkp/lib/vendor/adodb/adodb-php/adodb.inc.php on line 3204

Deprecated: Return type of ADODB_Iterator::current() should either be compatible with Iterator::current(): mixed, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice in /home/pjiacompk/public_html/lib/pkp/lib/vendor/adodb/adodb-php/adodb.inc.php on line 3276

Deprecated: Return type of ADODB_Iterator::next() should either be compatible with Iterator::next(): void, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice in /home/pjiacompk/public_html/lib/pkp/lib/vendor/adodb/adodb-php/adodb.inc.php on line 3280

Deprecated: Return type of ADODB_Iterator::key() should either be compatible with Iterator::key(): mixed, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice in /home/pjiacompk/public_html/lib/pkp/lib/vendor/adodb/adodb-php/adodb.inc.php on line 3272

Deprecated: Return type of ADODB_Iterator::valid() should either be compatible with Iterator::valid(): bool, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice in /home/pjiacompk/public_html/lib/pkp/lib/vendor/adodb/adodb-php/adodb.inc.php on line 3268

Deprecated: Return type of ADODB_Iterator::rewind() should either be compatible with Iterator::rewind(): void, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice in /home/pjiacompk/public_html/lib/pkp/lib/vendor/adodb/adodb-php/adodb.inc.php on line 3264

Deprecated: Return type of ADORecordSet::getIterator() should either be compatible with IteratorAggregate::getIterator(): Traversable, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice in /home/pjiacompk/public_html/lib/pkp/lib/vendor/adodb/adodb-php/adodb.inc.php on line 3356
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Nawal Aamir Khan , Samreen Bari Aamir , Mustafa Raza. COMMUNISM- AN INCOMPLETE, YET UNFORGETTABLE TALE: A CASE STUDY OF PAKISTAN. pjia [Internet]. 2021 Dec. 10 [cited 2026 Aug. 13];4(4). Available from: https://www.pjia.com.pk/index.php/pjia/article/view/331